The large-area, free-standing, robust and multi-stimulus responsive thin films were fabricated through a catalyst-free and irreversible Katritzky reaction at a liquid–liquid interface. The thin films exhibit fast photo-mechanical motions, vapor-mechanical motions, as well as photo-chromic and solvato-chromic behaviors. In addition, the films can harvest anionic radicals and the radicals as captured can be efficiently degraded under UV light illumination.

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202402453